Tanzania is one of the prime wildlife countries in Africa. Approx. 19 % of the country is protected as national parks or game and forest reserves, and wildlife still occurs in significant numbers outside these protected areas. It is estimated that 90 % of the tourism to Tanzania is wildlife-based. Tourism is presently the fastest growing industry in the country and the second largest foreign exchange earner. At the same time wildlife is of considerable importance to the rural population, either as a threat to life and property or as a source of illegal protein supply.