PP Best Practices (Testimonials)
PP TESTIMONIES 2016
Pastoralists’ women in Kambala village give guidance on land use conflict resolution
Said Ole Mwenesi is a pastoralits aged 62 lives in Kambala village, Mkindu ward, Mvomero district.
Kambala Village is one of the pastoralists’ village with challenged land use conflict in Mkindu Ward in Mvomero district. According to village leaders, the village started on 1957 and had equipped with extension services like dips, schools and water sources to support pastoralists development on 1971 before village operation. Since its formation as pastoralits village, engagement in farming activities at Kambala village should require asking permission from village leaders before to start working. However from 2005, some few farmers outside the village started to engage into framing activities without asking permission from village leaders that also among other factors it contributed to land use conflict between pastoralists and farmers.
UMWEMA group is one of development partners in Mvomero district that is implementing a project titled “Land Rights and Conflict Resolution between pastoralists and Farmers in Mvomero district at Morogoro region” since 2013. The project is lined up under Pastoralits Programme that is managed jointly between Tanzania Natural Resources Forum (TNRF) and Care Tanzania, is funded by Irish Aid. UMWEMA was able to trained women, women groups, and village institutions on gender and land rights that suit pastoral dynamics system in managing their natural resources. Pastoralits women through Train of Trainers disseminate the knowdge through villge general assembly meeting and community gathering. Monitoring visits conducted in the areas in November, 2015 found that Pastoralits women are now becoming strong in the ownership of resources and are playing a critical role in advising pastoralits men on the enhancing dialogues with farmers and neighbours to creating peace and harmony in the communities.
Said Ole Mwenesi, is one of pastoralists at Kambala village with 2 wives and 10 children (6 male and 4 females). He owns 50 cows and 40 goats. He born since 1953 and lived in the village since the village was established. He said “Before UMWEMA and other development partners started engagement on community awareness in land rights and conflict resolution processes in Kambala village, pastoralists women they didn’t know their rights on ownership of resources like land, cow neither had any say to children to respect them”
But now, pastoralists’ women in Kambala village are taking advancing role on advising women the best ways of seeking land rights from farmers and neighboring village following recommended procedures rather than using violent.
“Women are now engaging in advice men on the use of recommended procedures and dialogues with other land users in resolution of the land use conflicts in Kambala village”, Said Ole Mwenesi elaborated. The conflicts are now becoming at low pace after village leaders in collaboration with traditional leaders started to engage in the good neighboring meetings and dialogues with other communities.
Pastoralits women are advancing to ownership of assets, resources and engagement in leadership roles. The mission found seven pastoralist’s women in Kambala own land, livestock, and hold leadership posts and improved decision making processes at household levels.
“My wife own 20 cows and 3 acres of land that she has voice and power to make any decision on that. But we have improved in making decision at household level, we are now used to sit down with wives and discuss the best way of covering household needs using available resources like sale of cows and its expenditures”, Mr Ole Mwenesi explained.
In Kambala village, five out of seven women in village council members are pastoralists, while in last year, only one pastoralits woman was in village council.
Naadutaro improved pastoralist’s access to land rights in Namelock village - Kiteto
NAADUTARO (PASTORALISTS’ SURVIVAL OPTIONS) is a local NGO focusing on the development of pastoralist, hunter and gatherer communities in Kiteto District, Manyara region. It was registered in 1999. NAADUTARO envisions a pastoralist society, healthy of bodies and minds thrive on secure land and environment. NAADUTARO endeavours to stimulate the desire and aspirations of pastoralists in Kiteto district, and coordinate responsive strategies in a gender sensitive manner, to seek education, promote health, protect their land and sustainably manage the natural resources and environment.
Namelock village is one of the villages in Namelock ward in Kiteto district supported by NAADUTARO through various projects on land rights, pastoralism, climate change and gender to pastoral communities. Among of the projects is Community Based Adaptation to Climate Change Project line up under a partnership Pastoralism Programme, managed jointly by Tanzania Natural Resources Forum (TNRF) and Care Tanzania, is funded by Irish Aid. Since 2012, NAADUTARO accesed grants from pastoralist Programme and provided various training to Pastoralists commuties on land rights, gender in pastoralism, Entrepreneurship, Climate Change in relation to pastoralist’s livelihood. NAADUTARO also facilitated pastoralists study visit to National Ranch Company (NARCO), in which they learnt various productive livestock breed that are climate change resilience suit to cross breed with local breeds.
Balozi Mosses is one of the pastoralit who benefited from NNAADUTARO intervention since 2012. He is agro pastoralists resides in Nameloki, Village, Nameloki Ward, in Kiteto District. He has a family of seven 7 children, previously engaged only into pastoralists activities in Laalala Village and now is conducting agro pastoralists activities within Namelock Village.
He is happy now practicing pastoralism and farming activities within the village following the contribution of NAAFUTARO in his livelihood. On November 2015, he met with TNRF staff, he had the following to say.
"In 2012 at Namalock village, we had traditional land use plan were we set grazing areas for calf and cows but later farmers trespassed in these areas for numbers of years, this caused lack of enough grazing areas; and also land disputes between pastoralists and farmers"
“Moreover livestock corridors were also trespassed by farmers from outside the village for farming activities, caused the block of livestock routes and also squeezed the size of the paths which later on causes land conflicts with farmers, who urged livestock are trespassing into farms and destructs the crops”. He elaborated more.
He further said that pastoralists community had poor knowledge on land rights to pastoralists, due to mobility for seasonal grazing, they used to left their rights to land to be violated by other land users.
He explained NAADUTARO intervention in the village since 2012 to date through trainings, awareness and study visits has led to the realization of the following benefits:
- Pastoralists have established permanent shelter for their families to protect their lad rights while livestock are still moving with youths from one season to other zones in access to resources.
- Community members organized community dialogues among farmers and pastoralits guided by village leaders reopened 5 livestock routes that facilitate mobility of livestocks to access various resources including water and pasture at various destination
- Expanded major livestock routes that cut across the district to 35 meters wide from the center to both sides and influencing smooth seasonal grazing whereas during rain seasonal there are pasture areas that are not grazed and reserved for use during dry seasons.
- Pastoralists make in use of land tribunals in seeking their land rights that provide fair mediation and judgment to both conflicting groups
- Pastoralists realize the land has value equally as other investment. Balozi emphasized that curently pastoralists own land in their communities compared with before NAADUTARO intervention where pastoralists didn't own land because of mobility and also not being aware of the value of land.
Balozi is one of the pastoralist who own 10 acres land for residential, and 10 acres for farming activities. He said, he acquired this land by asking from the village council who offered him the areas after discussed and approved in the general assembly meeting. Before NAADUTARO intervention, he used to reside in the area of only half an acre.
Apart from improved land rights to various groups including pastoralists, NAADUTARO also improved livestock keeping at pastoral communities to more productive. TNRF team found at Namelock village there is improved local breeds that crossbreed with high productive breeds like Borana and Saihwal. This contributed to have more milk production and access higher price in the livestock market.
He said "We now have better skills of conducting productive pastoralism as we were taken for study visits to NARCO farms where we learnt on keeping improved livestock breeds and cross breeding with selective productive ones that are adaptive to our environment variations. Some few pastoralists that have started cross breeding have obtain the benefits of more milk and prized at the market."
He appreciates capacity building training that has enabled him and pastoralist’s community members to have wide range of benefits on access to land rights and encourages the same to be extended in other pastoralists areas.
OLENGAPA wakiri kuwa mafunzo waliyopatiwa na KINNAPA yamewasaidia kutenga nyanda za malisho kwenye vijiji vyao.
Simanga Meely ni mfugaji na mkulima kutoka kijiji cha Lerug wilayani Kiteto, pia ni mhazini wa Olengapa. Yeye alibahatika kupata mafunzo kutoka kwa Programu ya Ufugaji wa Asili Tanzania inayofadhiliwa na Irish Aid na kuratibiwa na Jumuiko la Maliasili Tanzania (TNRF) na Care Tanzania ikishirikina na asasai za kiraia ikiwa ni pamoja na KINNAPA. Katika wilaya yao chini ya usimamizi wa KINNAPA, walianzisha umoja wa wafugaji unaojumuisha vijiji vitatu ambavyo ni Orkitikit, Lerug na Engapapa unaojulikana kama Olengapa. Kutokana na kuanzishwa kwa Olengapa wamepatiwa mafunzo mbalimbali kuhusu; matumizi bora ya ardhi, mabadiliko ya tabia nchi, jinsia, ufugaji bora nk
"Kabla ya kuanzishwa kwa KINNAPA tulikuwa maadui katika vijiji vyetu. Tulikuwa tunagombania mipaka na Orkitikit ila baada ya kupatiwa mafunzo juu ya ufugaji na matumizi bora ya ardhi kila kijiji kimetenga eneo la malisho na tumekuwa na ushrikiano hasa kwenye nyanda za malisho na hakuna kulima katika eneo hilo la malisho na hii imesababisha mifugo kuwa katika hali nzuri kutokana na kupatikana kwa malisho. Hivyo tunashirikiana vizuri baina ya vijiji vyetu.
Kuwepo kwa shirika kumesaidia jamii kupata mafunzo mbalimbali hasa viongozi wa ngazi mbalimbali walipelekwa kwenye wilaya za kifugaji kama Simanjiro na Kondoa ambapo waliona na kujifunza jinsi ya kutunza mifugo kwa muda mfupi na kupata faida, kupatiwa mafunzo na madaktari wa mifugo, kutengeneza maziwa kwa matumizi bora na pia sheria ya mapario ambapo tumeweza kufungua na kuboresha mapario kwa ajili ya mifugo yetu."
Programu ya ufugaji asili yaboresha upatikanaji wa haki ya ardhi ya wafugaji iliyoporwa
Wilson Digai ni mwenyekiti wa kijiji cha Ayamango, kata ya Galapo, Mkoa wa Manyara. Yeye ni mkulima na mfugaji aliyenufaika na kuanzishwa kwa shirika la COSITA ambalo ni miongoni mwa mashirika yanayowezeshwa na Programu ya ufugaji wa asili Tanzania inayoratibiwa kwa ubia na Jumuiko la Maliasili Tanzania (TNRF)na Care na kufadhiliwa na Irish Aid (2012 - 2016).
“Mimi kama mwenyekiti wa kijiji cha Ayamango, mafunzo tuliyopata COSITA yametupa uelewa wa jinsi ya kutatua migogoro ya ardhi kati ya wakulima, wafugaji na wawekezaji.
Tumejua haki zetu na mpaka sasa kama kiongozi wa kijiji, tumetumia elimu hiyo kuanza kudai haki za wafugaji kwenye ardhi kupitia mahakama na tumeshinda kesi tatu kubwa zenye mawakili zilizokuwa za muda mrefu ambazo viongozi waliopita walishindwa kuzitatua.
Mojawapo ya kesi izo ilikuwa uvamizi wa eneo la malisho, mgogoro ulioanza mwaka 2010 na umemalizika mwaka huu 2015 ambapo tumeshinda kesi hiyo na kupewa ardhi yetu.
Kesi nyingine ilikuwa ya uvamizi wa eneo la malisho lenye ekari 2000 lililopo katika kitongoji cha Basoda, ambapo ekari 156 lilivamiwa, walitushitaki kwenye baraza la ardhi na nyumba la wilaya ila baadae wakaacha kesi iyo tukashinda. Wavamizi wakaungana na watu wengine 44 wakatengeneza kesi ya ekari 637 ambapo tulipambana nao mahakama kuu kanda ya Arusha na tukashida.
Mvamizi mwingine alivamia eneo la malisho katika kitongoji cha Basoda, ekari 50 alitushitaki baraza la nyumba la wilaya mwaka 2014 akashida, kijiji kikakata rufaa na baadae tukashinda Oktoba mwaka 2015.
Wanawake wa Kifugaji waanza Kuongoza Jamii
Petronila Gobi ni mkulima-mfugaji anayeishi kijiji cha Ngoley katika wilaya ya Babati vijijini mwenye familia ya watoto wanne. Anajishughulia na kilimo na Ufugaji tokea aolewe mwaka 1984. Petronila ameishi kwa muda mrefu katika jamii ya kifugaji yenye mfumo dume akiwa hana sauti katika kaya, jamii wala katika uongozi. Mwaka 2013, Petronila alibahatika kupata manufaa ya Programme ya Ufugaji wa Asili Tanzania inayofadhhiliwa na Irish Aid na kuratibiwa na Jumuiko la Maliasili Tanzania(TNRF) na Care Tanzania ikishirikina na asasai za kiraia katika wilaya 18 ikiwepo babati vijini inaposhirikiana na COSITA. COSITA ilipata ruzuku na mafunzo toka katika programme na kuweza kuwafundisha wafugaji katika meneo mbalimbali ikiwemo mfumo wa ufugajia Asili, jinsia, ujasirimali ushawishi na utetezi, utawala bora na pia kuwezesha akinamama kushiriki katka makongamao mabalimbali ya wanawake, uongozi na maendeleo.
Petronila ni miongoni mwa akina mama wa kifugaji waliopata mafunzo hayo kutoka COSITA na kushiriki katika Kongomano la Mabadiliko ya Tabia ya nchi na hali ya hewa na uongozi lililoandaliwa na Jumuiko la malaisili Tanzania na wadau wengine wa maendeleo. Pia amepata uwezeshaji wa kuwa kama Mwezeshaji wa Wawezeshaji toka kanisa Jimbo la Mbulu, na sasa ni mwezeshaji wa jinsia na maendeleo katika parokia ya Mbugwe.
Kwa kutumia uwezo aliupta, umeweza kusambaza kwa kasi na kuleta mabadiliko makubwa nagzi mbalimbali.
Petronila kwa sasa ameanza kujihusisha katika shughuli mbalimbali za maendeleo na uongozi ili kuondoa umaskini ikiwepo kushirikiana na mume wake kumiliki ekari 16 za shamba, kufuga mbuzi 36, kuku 25 wa kienyeji na kuku 28 wa chotara, zote zikiwa ni mikakati wa kukabiliana na mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa na tabia ya nchi. Petronila amekiri kushuhudia mabailiko makubwa katika eneo analoishi ikiwepo:
‘Wanawake wa Ngoley wanasimamia famila zao hata kama mume ni mlevi, wanajihusisha na kulima, kufuga na biashara kutokana na mikopo wanyaopata kutoka kwenye vikundi”
Pia wanawake wamaeweza kujitokeza kwa wingi kugombea na kushika nafasi mbali mbali za uongozi,
‘…katika kitongoji changu nachoishi, mwaka 2014/2015 tuna mabalozi wanawake 12, ukilinganisha mwanzoni tulikuwa hatuna. Jumuiya yetu pia ya Mt thersia, viongozi wote 4 ni wananawake, na pia katika halmashauri ya kijiji, tunao wanawake 8, wakati mwanzoni tulikuw na watatu tu”.
Wanawake pia wamekuwa jasiri katika kuingia kufanya biashara. Mwanamke anathubutu kukopa hadi million moja toka katika vikundi vya vikoba ili kufanya biashrara na wote wameweza kuzirejesha zote kwa awamu
Wanawake kuwa katika uongozi wamekuwa chachu ya maendeleo. Katika kijiji cha Ngoley, wameweza kuunda vikundi mbalimbali vinavyoongozwa wanawake.
- Kikundi cha ufaugaji kuku chenye wnanawake 17 kinachoitwa LAMAKAMU. Wanawake walipata mafunzo toka shirika la RLDC mwaka 2012. Baadaye kufuatiwa na mafunzo toka COSITA ya mabadiliko ya tabia ya nchi mwaka 2013, wanawake waliamua kutafuta kuku kwa nguvu zao na sasa kikundi kipo imara.
- Vikundi vya VIKOBA na HISA viilivyowezeshwa na FARM Africa na Hamlamshauri ya wilya ya Babati na kuongezewa mafuno ya ujasirimali toka COSITA. Petrinila yupo katika kikundi cha KIRI KATI kama mjumbe chenye wanawake 30.
- Kikundi cha wakulima cha SAYUNI cheneye wanawake 12 naa wanaume 8, kikiongowa na wanawake
- Kikundi cha kushona vikapu na mikeka chenye wanawake 17. Kikundi hiki kilianzishwa na AWF mwaka 2004, na sasa kulingana na mafunzo mbalimbali toka kwa mashirika mengine likiwepo COSITA wameweza kuendelea hadi leo. Kikundi hiki kimefanikiwa kupata soko la kuduma la kupeleka vikapu nje ya nchi kila mwezi. Kila mwanachma anapata kipato cha shilingi za kitanzania 60,000/= hadi 400,000/= kila mwezi kulinganan na uwezo wa kila mwanachama wa kushona vikapu. Mwezi alipita Octoba 2015, Petronila alipata gawio la Shilingi 170,000.
Petronila anawashauri wanawake wengine wa kifugaji wajitokeze kushiriki katika vikundi vya ujasiriamali na kuthubutu kuwania nafasi mbali mbali za uongozi ili kuendeela kumwinua mwanamke kutoka katika wimbi la kugandamizwa ili kuondoa umaskini katika jamii za wafugaji an wakulima wafugaji